Which of the following does preventive care encompass?

Preventive care encompasses services specifically designed to prevent diseases from occurring or to detect health issues at an early stage, which can significantly improve health outcomes. This includes a wide range of services, such as vaccinations, screenings, wellness check-ups, and counseling aimed at promoting healthy lifestyles. By focusing on prevention, individuals can reduce their risk of developing more serious health conditions and thus decrease the need for more intensive medical interventions down the line.

While emergency surgeries and hospital treatments are crucial for managing acute health crises, they do not fall under the umbrella of preventive care because they focus on responding to existing health issues rather than preventing them. Additionally, rehabilitation programs cater to recovery and rehabilitating individuals after an illness, and long-term care addresses the ongoing needs of those with chronic conditions. Both of these focus on management and treatment rather than prevention. Thus, the correct answer comprehensively illustrates the proactive scope of preventive services.